Kasaysayan na Inyaligwas na Industriya na Balbula ed Tsina (3)

Say tuloytuloy ya iyaaligwas na industriya na balbula (1967-1978)

01 Apektado so iyaaligwas na industriya

Manlapud 1967 anggad 1978, lapud baleg iran pananguman ed sosyal ya kaliberliber, say iyaaligwas na industriya na balbula so naapektoan met a maong. Saray manunan pakapatnagan et:

1. Say balbula say output et biglan nabawasan, tan say kalidad et baleg ya nabawasan

2. Say balbula say sistema na panagsukimat na siensia ya ginmapon nanporma et naapektoan

3. Saray produkto na medium pressure valve et magmaliw ya antikey lamet

4. Ginmapon pinmatnag so ag-inplanon produksyon na high tan medium pressure valves

02 Manggawa na paraan pian napalaknab so “antikey a linya na balbula”

Say kalidad na produkto edsay balbulasay industriya et seryoson inmabeba, tan kayari na inkaporma na antikey a panaon ya high tan medium pressure valve products, say estado et mangiiter na baleg ya importansya ed saya. Say Heavy tan General Bureau na First Ministry of Machinery so angigapo na grupo na balbula ya responsable ed teknikal a pananguman ed industriya na balbula. Kayari na aralem ya imbestigasyon tan panagsukimat, say grupo na saray balbula so angitarya na “Report ed saray Opinyon ed Panagpaalagey na Saray Gawaen ed Produksion parad High tan Medium Pressure Valves”, ya insubmit ed State Planning Commission. Kayari na impansukimat, nandesisyon ya mangipuonan na 52 milyon a yuan ed industriya na balbula pian nagawaan so teknikal a pananguman pian nasolbar so problema na seryoson kakulangan na atagey tan kapegleyan a presyonbalbula tan onkupas so kalidad ed sankasakbayan a paraan.

1. Duaran miting na Kaifeng

Nen Mayo 1972, say First Machinery Department et nanggawa na nasyonalbalbulaindustriya work symposium diad Kaifeng City, Henan Province. Walay 125 ya yunit tan 198 ya representante manlapud 88 ya pabrika na balbula, 8 ya scientific research tan design institutes, 13 ya provincial tan municipal machinery bureaus tan pigaran user so inmatendi ed miting. Say miting so nandesisyon ya ipawil so duaran organisasyon na industriya tan say intelligence network, tan pinili so Kaifeng High Pressure Valve Factory tan Tieling Valve Factory bilang lider na high-pressure tan low-pressure team, tan say Hefei General Machinery Research Institute tan Shenyang Valve Research Institute so responsable ed kimey na intelligence network. Say miting et nantongtongan tan nanaral met na saray isyun misiglaotan ed “taloran modernisasyon”, pamaaligwas na kalidad na produkto, teknikal a panagsukimat, dibisyon na produkto, tan pamaaligwas na industriya tan aktibidad na intelihensya. Manlapud saman, ginmapo lamet iray aktibidad na industriya tan intelihensya ya atunda ed loob na anem taon. Sarayan kundang so walaan na baleg a betang ed pangisulong na produksyon na balbula tan pangibalikas ed antikey a panaon a kipapasen.

2. Ituloy so aktibidad na organisasyon na industriya tan say pansasalat na impormasyon

Kayari na Kaifeng Conference nen 1972, intuloy na saray grupo na industriya so aktibidad da. Diad saman a panaon, 72 labat a pabrika so akibiang ed organisasyon na industriya, tan dakel a pabrika na balbula so agni akibiang ed organisasyon na industriya. Pian naorganisa so dakel a pabrika na balbula, kada rehyon et mangorganisa na saray aktibidad na industriya. Shenyang High and Medium Pressure Valve Factory, Beijing Valve Factory, Shanghai Valve Factory, Wuhan Valve Factory,Tianjin Valve Factory, Gansu High tan Medium Pressure Valve Factory, tan Zigong High Pressure Valve Factory so responsable ed Northeast, North China, East China, Central South, Northwest, tan Southwest Regions. Diad sayan panaon, say industriya na balbula tan saray aktibidad na intelihensya et nanduruma tan mabunga, tan popular ed saray pabrika ed industriya. Lapud iyaaligwas na saray aktibidad na industriya, mabetbet a pansasalat na eksperiensya, pantutulongan tan panaral, aglabat itan mamaaligwas ed kalidad na produkto, noagta mamaaligwas met ed pankakasakey tan pankakaaro na nanduruman pabrika, kanian say industriya na balbula so nagmaliw a nankakasakey, a mankakasakey, a mankakasakey ed arapen, ya mangipapanengneng na mabilabilay tan ombabaleg ya eksena.

3. Gawaen so “taloran modernisasyon” na saray produkto na balbula

Unong ed espiritu na duaran miting na Kaifeng tan saray opinyon na Heavy tan General Bureau na First Ministry of Machinery, say General Machinery Research Institute so angorganisa lamet na baleg a valve “three modernization” ya kimey tekep na aktibon suporta na nanduruman pabrika ed industriya. Say “taloran modernisasyon” ya kimey et sakey ya importantin manunan teknikal a kimey, ya sakey ya epektibon paraan pian napapeles so teknolohikon pananguman na saray negosyo tan napaaligwas so lebel na saray produkto na balbula. Say valve “three modernizations” working group et mankikimey unong ed “apatiran maong” (mainomay ya usaren, mainomay ya ipaalagey, mainomay ya apigeren tan maong ya pangitunos) tan “apatiran pankakasakey” (modelo, saray parametro na performance, koneksyon tan amin ya sukat, estandarten parte) iran prinsipyo. Say manunan karga na kimey et walaan na taloran aspekto, sakey et say pamasimpli ed saray nankakasakey a klase; say sananey et say panggawa tan panrebisa na sakey a grupo na teknikal iran estandarte; say komatlo et say pampili tan pangisumpal na saray produkto.

4. Say teknikal a panagsukimat so amawala na iyaaligwas na sientipikon panagsukimat

(1) Panagpaalagey na saray scientific research teams tan pangipaalagey na saray test bases Diad sampot na 1969, say General Machinery Research Institute so inyalis manlapud Beijing ya amaarap ed Hefei, tan say orihinal ya flow resistance test device et aderal, ya baleg so epekto to ed scientific research. Nen 1971, saray sientipikon managsukimat so pinmawil ed grupo ya nantutumbokan, tan say laboratoryo na panagsukimat ed balbula so dinmaak ed masulok a 30 a totoo, tan inkomisyon na ministeryo ya mangorganisa na teknikal a panagsukimat. Sakey a simplin laboratoryo so impaalagey, sakey a flow resistance test device so inyan, tan sakey ya espisipikon pressure, packing tan arum niran test machines so adesinyo tan ginawa, tan ginmapo so teknikal a panagsukimat ed valve sealing surface tan packing.

(2) Saray manunan agawaan Say Kaifeng Conference ya ginawa nen 1973 so nanggawa na teknikal a plano na panagsukimat parad industriya na balbula manlapud 1973 anggad 1975, tan angiproponi na 39 a manunan proyekto na panagsukimat. Diad saratan, walay 8 ya items na thermal processing, 16 ya items na sealing surface, 6 ya items na packing, 1 ya items na electric device, tan 6 ya items na test tan performance test. Diad saginonor, diad Harbin Welding Research Institute, Wuhan Material Protection Research Institute, tan Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, saray espisyal a totoo so tinuro pian mangorganisa tan mangikoordina na regular iran inspeksion, tan duaran work conference nipaakar ed saray manunan kabiangan na high tan medium pressure valves so ginawa pian sumaryoen so eksperiensya, pantutulongan tan pansasalat, tan saray manunan kabiangan na panagsukimat ed implanon 1980. Diad panamegley na nankakasakey a sagpot na interon industriya, baleg so agawaan ed teknikal a panagsukimat, ya amaaligwas ed iyaaligwas na sientipikon panagsukimat ed industriya na balbula. Saray manunan resulta to et onia:

1) Ipeket so tapew na seal. Say gagala na panagsukimat ed tapew na sealing et pian naresolbe so problema na internal leakage nasay balbula. Diad saman a panaon, say materyales ed tapew na sealing et manunan 20Cr13 tan 12Cr18Ni9, ya walaan na abeban inka-malet, makapuy ya resistensya ed panag-usar, seryoson problema ed loob na saray produkto na balbula, tan antikey so bilay na serbisyo. Say Shenyang Valve Research Institute, Harbin Welding Research Institute tan Harbin Boiler Factory so nanggawa na triple-combination research team. Kayari na 2 taon ya impankimey, sakey a balon klase na chrome-manganese sealing surface surfacing material (20Cr12Mo8) so ginawa. Say materyal et walaan na maong a proseso. Maong ya resistensya ed gasgas, andukey so bilay na serbisyo, tan anggapoy nickel tan daiset ya chromium, saray rekursos et nayarin ibase ed domestic, kayari na teknikal ya appraisal, saya so makanakana parad promosyon.

2) Panoen so panagsukimat. Say gagala na packing research et pian nasolbar so problema na valve leakage. Diad saman a panaon, say balot na balbula et manunan oil-impregnated asbestos tan rubber asbestos, tan say performance na sealing et makapuy, ya sengegan na graben panag-leak na balbula. Nen 1967, say General Machinery Research Institute so angorganisa na external leakage investigation team pian imbestigaan so pigaran chemical plants, oil refineries tan power plants, insan aktibon nanggawa na anti-corrosion test research ed saray packing tan valve stems.

3) Pansukimat ed performance na produkto tan manunan panagsukimat ed teorya. Legan ya manggagawa na teknikal a panagsukimat,say industriya na balbulamaseet met ya nanggawa na product performance testing tan basic theoretical research, tan dakel so resulta to.

5. Gawaen so pananguman ed teknolohiya na saray negosyo

Kayari na Kaifeng Conference nen 1973, say interon industriya so nanggawa na teknolohikon pananguman. Saray manunan problema ed industriya na balbula ed saman a panaon: Unona, say proseso et atrasado, say panag-cast et sigpot a gawa na lima, say single-piece casting, tan saray general-purpose machine tools tan general-purpose fixtures so kaslakan ya uusaren parad cold working. Lapud saray klase tan detalye na kada pabrika et alablabas ya nadoble, tan baleg so bilang da ed interon bansa, balet kayari na pangibunog ed kada pabrika, say batch na produksyon et melag a tuloy, ya mangaapekta ed pangusar na kapasidad na produksyon. Bilang ebat ed saray problema ed tagey, say Heavy tan General Bureau na First Ministry of Machinery so angitarya na sarayan kundang: organisaen iray wala lan high tan medium pressure valve factories, manggawa na nankakasakey a panagplano, makatunongan ya inapag so trabaho, tan palaknaben so mass production; mangagamil na maaligwas a teknolohiya, mangiletneg na linya na produksyon, tan mikoopera ed saray manunan pabrika tan blangko. 4 ya linya na produksyon na cast steel blank so niletneg ed steel casting workshop, tan 10 ya linya na produksyon na cold processing na partes so niletneg ed anemiran manunan pabrika; walay dagup ya 52 milyon ya yuan ya inpundo ed teknolohikon pananguman.

(1) Pananguman na teknolohiya ed panagproseso na petang Diad pananguman na teknolohiya ed panagproseso na petang, saray teknolohiya a singa say water glass tidal shell mold, fluidized sand, tidal mold tan precision casting so nagmaliw ya popular. Say precision casting et makapanggawa na chip-less o chip-free machining. Saya so matukoy parad gate, packing gland tan valve body tan bonnet na melag so diametro na balbula, ya walaan na mapatnag iran benepisyo ed ekonomya. Nen 1969, say Shanghai Lianggong Valve Factory so inmunan angiyaplika na proseso na precision casting ed panaggawa na balbula, parad PN16, DN50 gate valve body,

(2) Pananguman na teknolohiya na cold working Diad pananguman na teknolohiya na cold working, saray espisyal ya makina tan linya na produksyon so uusaren ed industriya na balbula. Nen 1964 ni, say Shanghai Valve No. 7 Factory so nandesinyo tan nanggawa na gate valve body crawler type semi-automatic production line, ya saya so sankaunaan ya low-pressure valve semi-automatic production line ed industriya na balbula. Kayari to, say Shanghai Valve No. 5 Factory so nandesinyo tan nanggawa na semi-automatic ya linya na produksyon na DN50 ~ DN100 low-pressure globe valve body tan bonnet nen 1966.

6. Mabiskeg ya manggawa na balon klase tan paaligwasen so lebel na kompleton set

Pian nasumpal so pankaukolan na angkakabaleg iran kompleton set na kagawaan a singa say petrolyo, industriya na kemikal, enerhiya na kuryente, metalurhiya tan industriya na petrokemikal, say industriya na balbula so mabiskeg a manggagawa na balon produkto legan na panaon na pananguman ed teknolohiya, ya amaaligwas ed pantutunosan na saray produkto na balbula.

03 Sumaryo

No nodnonoten so 1967-1978, say inyaligwas nabalbula say industriya et apektadon maong nensaman. Lapud maples ya iyaaligwas na industriya na petrolyo, kemikal, kuryente, metalurhiya tan karbon, saray high tan medium pressure valve et temporaryon nagmaliw ya “short-term products”. Nen 1972, say organisasyon na industriya na balbula so ginmapon nantultuloy tan nanggawa na saray aktibidad. Kayari na duaran komperensya na Kaifeng, maseseg ya ginawa so “taloran modernisasyon” tan teknikal a panagsukimat, ya angigapo na daluyon na teknolohikon pananguman ed interon industriya. Nen 1975, ginmapon inmaligwas so industriya na balbula, tan say produksyon na industriya so nagmaliw ya mas maabig.

Nen 1973, inaprobaan na State Planning Commission iray paraan na imprastraktura parad pamarakep na produksyon na high tan medium pressurebalbula. Kayari na pinansyal ya pinansyal, say industriya na balbula so nanggawa na posiblin pananguman. Diad panamegley na pananguman tan panangipasal na teknolohiya, wala ray inadapta ya maaligwas a teknolohiya, kanian say lebel na cold processing ed interon industriya et inmaligwas ed sakey a laknab, tan say laknab na mekanisasyon na thermal processing et inmaligwas ed sakey a laknab. Kayari na inyaligwas na proseso na plasma spray welding, say kalidad na produkto na high tan medium pressure valves et inmaligwas a maong, tan say problema na “sakey ya antikey tan duaran leakage” et inmaligwas met. Diad pakasumpal tan pakasumpal na 32 ya proyekto nipaakar ed imprastraktura, say industriya na balbula na China et walaan na mas mabiskeg a pundasyon tan mas baleg a potensyal na produksyon. Manlapu nen 1970, say produksyon na high tan medium pressure valves et nantultuloy ya inmaligwas. Manlapud 1972 anggad 1975, say output et inmatagey manlapud 21,284t ya anggad 38,500t, ya walay indaak ya 17,216t ed loob na 4 taon, ya mipara ed tinaon ya output nen 1970. Say tinaon ya output na low-pressure valves et nansiansian malet ed lebel ya 70,000 anggad 8,000 tons. Legan na sayan panaon,say balbula say industriya et mabiskeg ya nanggawa na balon produkto, aliwan saray klase na general-purpose valves labat so baleg ya inmaligwas, noagta pati saray espisyal ya balbula parad saray istasyon na kuryente, tubo, ultra-high pressure, abeban temperatura tan industriya na nukleyar, aerospace tan arum niran special-purpose valves so inmaligwas met a maong. No say dekada 1960 et panaon na baleg ya inyaligwas na saray balbula ya uusaren ed amin a gagala, sirin say dekada 1970 et panaon na baleg ya inyaligwas na saray balbula ya uusaren ed espisyal a gagala. Say suportan kapasidad na domesticbalbula so inmaligwas a maong, ya manunan makatulong ed saray pankaukolan na iyaaligwas na nanduruman sektor na ekonomya na bansa.