Bilang sakey a negosyo ya mangokontrol na polusyon, say sankaimportantian ya kimey na sakey a sewage treatment plant et say panseguro ya say effluent et makaabot ed saray estandarte. Balet, lapud lalon istrikto so estandarte ed panag-discharge tan say inkaagresibo na saray inspektor ed proteksion na kaliberliber, saya so angitarok na baleg a pressure ed operasyon na planta na panaglinis na dutak. Talagan lalon mairap so pangipaway ed danum.
Unong ed obserbasyon na autor, say direktan sengegan na kairapan ed pakadampot ed estandarte na panag-ipaway na danum et lapud walay taloran mauges a sirkulo ed saray planta na imburnal ed bansa mi.
Say unaan et say mauges a sirkulo na abeban aktibidad na lutak (MLVSS/MLSS) tan atagey a konsentrasyon na lutak; say komadua et say maruksan sirkulo na no mas dakel so nausar ya kemikal ya pangekal na phosphorus, mas dakel so ompaway ya lutak; say komatlo et say andukey a panaon ya planta na panaglinis na dutak. Say sobran operasyon, saray kagawaan et ag nayarin i-overhaul, ya walay sakit da ed interon taon, ya pansengegan na inkaandi na kapasidad na panaglinis na dutak.
#1
Say maruksan sirkulo na abeban aktibidad na lutak tan atagey a konsentrasyon na lutak
Si Propesor Wang Hongchen so nanggawa na research ed 467 ya planta na imburnal. Nengnengen tayo so datos na aktibidad na lutak tan say konsentrasyon na lutak: Diad sarayan 467 ya planta na dutak, 61% ed saray planta na panaglinis na dutak so walaan na MLVSS/MLSS ya abeba nen 0.5, manga 30% ed saray planta na panagtambal so walaan na MLVSS/MLSS ya abeba nen 0.4.
Say sludge concentration na 2/3 na sewage treatment plants et onlampas ed 4000 mg/L, say sludge concentration na 1/3 na sewage treatment plants et onlampas ed 6000 mg/L, tan say sludge concentration na 20 sewage treatment plants et onlampas ed 10000 mg/L.
Anto ray pansumpalan na sarayan kondisyon ed tagey (abeban aktibidad na lutak, atagey ya konsentrasyon na lutak)? Anggaman dakel lay anengneng tayon teknikal ya artikulo ya manguusisa ed katuaan, balet diad simplin panangibaga, walay sakey a resulta, salanti, say ompaway a danum et onlampas ed estandarte.
Nayarin ipaliwawa iya manlapud duaran aspekto. Diad sakey a dapag, kayari na atagey ya konsentrasyon na lutak, pian napaliisan so itatagey na lutak, kaukolan ya pabalegen so aeration. Say pamarakep ed karakel na dagem et aglabat mamarakep ed konsumo na kuryente, noagta mamarakep met ed biological section. Say idarakel na dissolved oxygen et mangala na carbon source ya nakaukolan parad denitrification, ya direktan mangapekta ed denitrification tan phosphorus removal effect na biological system, ya manresulta ed sobran N tan P.
Diad biek a dapag, say atagey a konsentrasyon na sludge so mamapaatagey ed mud-water interface, tan say sludge et mainomay ya naandi ed effluent na secondary sedimentation tank, ya nayarin mangamper ed advanced treatment unit odino pansengegan na effluent COD tan SS ya onlampas ed estandarte.
Kayari tayon pantongtongan iray pansumpalan, pantongtongan tayo no akin ya maslak ed saray planta na imburnal et walaan na problema ed abeban aktibidad na lutak tan atagey a konsentrasyon na lutak.
Diad tua, say rason na atagey ya konsentrasyon na lutak et say abeban aktibidad na lutak. Lapud abeba so aktibidad na lutak, pian napaaligwas so epekto na panagtambal, kaukolan ya pabalegen so konsentrasyon na lutak. Say abeban aktibidad na sludge et lapud say onlelereg ya danum et walaan na baleg a kantidad na slag sand, ya onloloob ed biological treatment unit tan kalkalnan mantitipon, ya mangaapekta ed aktibidad na saray mikroorganismo.
Dakel so slag tan buer ed onsasabin danum. Say sakey et say interception effect na grille et makapuy, tan say sananey et say masulok ya 90% na saray sewage treatment plants ed bansa mi et anggapoy ginawa dan primary sedimentation tanks.
Nayarin wala ray totoon mantepet, akin et ag manggawa na manunan tangke na sedimentation? Saya so nipaakar ed pipe network. Wala ray problema a singa say ag-inkayadyari, nanduruman koneksion, tan anggapoy koneksion ed pipe network ed bansa mi. Lapud saya, say kalidad na danum ed saray sewage plants et walaan na taloran katangian: atagey ya inorganic solid concentration (ISS), abeban COD, Low C/N ratio.
Say konsentrasyon na inorganic solids ed onlelereg ya danum et atagey, salanti, say karga na buer et medyo atagey. Diad gapo, say manunan tangke na sedimentation et nayarin mamawas na pigaran inorganic substances, balet lapud abeba so COD na danum ya onaagus, maslak ed saray planta na imburnal et agla ra manggagawa na manunan tangke na sedimentation.
Diad sampot ya panagsukimat, say abeban aktibidad na lutak et sakey a tawir na “ambelat iran tanaman tan anlemew iran iket”.
Inkuan mi ya say atagey ya konsentrasyon na sludge tan abeban aktibidad so pansengegan na alablabas ya N tan P ed effluent. Diad sayan panaon, say ebat na karaklan ed saray planta na imburnal et say pangiyarum na saray lapuan na carbon tan saray inorganic flocculants. Balet, say pangiyarum na baleg a kantidad na carbon sources ed paway et mangitonton ed lalon idakel na konsumo na kuryente, bangta say pangiyarum na baleg a kantidad na flocculant et mamawala na baleg a kantidad na chemical sludge, ya manresulta ed idakel na konsentrasyon na sludge tan lalon ibawas na sludge activity, ya manporma na vicious circle.
#2
Sakey a maruksan sirkulo ya no mas dakel so nausar ya kemikal ya pangekal na phosphorus, mas dakel so sludge ya nagawa.
Say pangusar na kemikal ya mangekal na phosphorus et amabaleg ed produksyon na sludge na 20% anggad 30%, odino onsulok ni.
Say problema na lutak so manunan kapagaan na saray planta na panaglinis na dutak ed loob na dakel a taon, nagkalalo la ta anggapoy dalan ya ompaway ed lutak, odino say dalan ya ompaway et agmalet. .
Saya so mangitonton ed itatatken na sludge, ya manresulta ed phenomenon ya sludge aging, tan mas grabe ni ran abnormalidad a singa say sludge bulking.
Say pinalaknab ya lutak et walaan na makapuy ya flocculation. Diad pakaandi na effluent manlapud secondary sedimentation tank, say advanced treatment unit et nabara, say epekto na panagtambal et nabawasan, tan say karakel na backwashing water et ondarakel.
Say idarakel na karakel na backwash water et mangitonton ed duaran pansumpalan, sakey et say pambawas ed epekto na panagtambal na akaunan biochemical section.
Say baleg a kantidad na backwash water so nipawil ed aeration tank, ya mamapaabeba ed aktual ya hydraulic retention time na istruktura tan mamapaabeba ed epekto na panagtambal na segundaryon panagtambal;
Say komadua et pian lalon nabawasan so epekto na panagproseso na depth processing unit.
Lapud kaukolan ya ipawil so baleg a kantidad na backwashing water ed advanced treatment filtration system, say filtration rate et ondarakel tan say aktual ya filtration capacity et nabawasan.
Say inkalapagan ya epekto na panagtambal et magmaliw ya makapuy, ya nayarin pansengegan na pakalampas na dagup na phosphorus tan COD ed effluent ya onlampas ed estandarte. Pian ag nalampasan so estandarte, say sewage plant et mamarakep na pangusar na saray phosphorus removal agent, ya lalon mamarakep ed karakel na sludge.
diad sakey a maruksan sirkulo.
#3
Say maruksan sirkulo na andukey a panaon ya sobran karga na saray planta na dutak tan say nabawasan a kapasidad na panaglinis na dutak
Say panaglinis na imburnal et aglabat mandedependi ed totoo, no ag pati ed saray kagawaan.
Saray kagawaan ed imburnal et abayag lan milalaban ed unaan a linya na panaglinis na danum. No ag-itan regular ya apigeren, magano odino mabayag et onlesa iray problema. Balet, diad maslak a kaso, saray kagawaan ed imburnal et ag nayarin apigeren, lapud no ontunda so sakey a kagawaan, say ompaway a danum et posiblin onlampas ed estandarte. Diad silong na sistema na inagew-agew a multa, ag sarag na balang sakey so manbayar.
Diad 467 ya urban sewage treatment plants ya insurbey nen Propesor Wang Hongchen, manga duaran kakatlo ed sikara et walaan na hydraulic load rate ya mas atagey nen say 80%, manga kakatlo ya mas atagey nen say 120%, tan 5 ya sewage treatment plants et mas atagey nen say 150%.
No say hydraulic load rate et mas atagey nen say 80%, likud ed pigaran super-large sewage treatment plants, saray general sewage treatment plants et ag nayarin mangisara na danum parad maintenance diad premis ya say effluent et onsabi ed estandarte, tan anggapoy backup ya danum parad saray aerators tan secondary sedimentation tank suction tan scrapers. Say abeban kagawaan et nayarin sigpot ya umanen odino salatan no naupot la.
Labay ton ibaga, manga 2/3 na saray planta na imburnal so agmakapangapiger ed saray kagawaan lapud seguroen dan say imburnal et makaabot ed estandarte.
Unong ed impansukimat nen Propesor Wang Hongchen, say bilay na saray aerator et kaslakan ya 4-6 taon, balet 1/4 na saray planta na imburnal so ag akagawa na air-venting maintenance ed saray aerator ed loob na 6 taon. Say mud scraper, ya kaukolan ya ekalen tan apigeren, et kaslakan ya ag naapiger ed interon taon.
Say kagawaan et abayag lan mankikimey lapud sakit, tan say kapasidad na panaglinis na danum et lalon onkakapuy. Pian nasungdoan so pressure na panlapuan na danum, anggapoy paraan pian napatunda itan parad panmintina. Diad ontan ya maruksan sirkulo, walay lawas sistema na panaglinis na dutak ya naderal.
#4
isulat ed sampot
Kayari na inkiletneg na proteksion ed kaliberliber bilang manunan nasyonal a totontonen na bansa mi, maples ya inmaligwas so lawak na danum, gas, solido, dalin tan arum niran panangontrol ed polusyon, tan diad saray lawak na panaglinis na imburnal et nibaga ya manunaan. Lapud kulang so lebel, say operasyon na planta na imburnal et nagmaliw ya problema, tan say problema ed pipeline network tan sludge so nagmaliw ya duaran manunan kakulangan na industriya na panaglinis na imburnal ed bansa mi.
Tan natan, panaon la pian gawaen iray kulang.
Oras na pangi-post: Pebrero-23-2022
